Equity investments by insurance companies plunged to less than a tenth as policyholders surrendered some unsuccessful old ones to shift to more attractive new products, and regulatory changes took sheen off the unit-linked plans.
LIC missed its annual target of buying shares by a huge margin as policy surrenders jumped more than three-fold during the year. Insurance industry's net investment in equities tumbled to Rs 3,138 crore in the fiscal 2011, from Rs 34,809 crore a year earlier, data from the Securities & Exchange Board of India show.
"Drop in equity investments is because of lower inflows, people are moving towards traditional plans," said Prashant Sharma CIO of Max New York Life. Insurance companies are hit by lower flows into once famous unit-linked insurance plans (Ulips) that had an option to invest a huge corpus into equities unlike traditional insurance plans, where the regulation forced more debt holdings.
Flows into ULIPs fell due to a longer lock-in period that deterred investors and lower incentives made distributors' interest wane. At the beginning of the fiscal year, LIC said it would invest up to Rs 75,000 crore. "Surrenders in the industry is high,'' says Bajaj Allianz chief investment officer Sashi Krishnan. "Policyholders are surrendering from their existing policies or not paying renewal premium as the new set of guidelines is better."
SBI Life's chief investment offer Abhijit Gulanikar said that the increase in surrender has reduced the net investment of the industry in equity. SBI Life had seen policy surrenders of over Rs 1,000 crore. The new guidelines on Ulips that were issued by the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority (Irda) had capped the surrender charges that one needs to pay while withdrawing from a policy.
The policy had come in force since September 2010. "Insurers are focusing more on single premium and guaranteed products. In these cases, the equity component is not high," said Krishnan. Earlier, there was no cap on surrender charges and companies levied up to 100% at the time of surrender.
The lockin period has been increased to 5 years. Therefore, people are not renewing their existing policies. While all 100% premium can be invested in Ulips, policyholders have the option to choose between the funds and the proportion. In the case of traditional products, with opaque investment plans, the insurance regulator regulates investment norms.
